载人深潜器二氧化碳清除方式研究

Research on Absorption Methods of Carbon Dioxide Applied in Human Occupied Vehicle

比较了各种类型水下运载器如潜艇、载人深潜器等对载人密闭舱室内二氧化碳气体浓度的不同要求。针对载人深潜器载人舱内的客观条件,从动力、空间大小、二氧化碳浓度要求等方面分析其对二氧化碳清除的特殊要求。分析了常见的几种密闭环境二氧化碳清除方式如一乙醇胺、固态胺、分子筛、碱石灰、氢氧化锂等技术各自的优缺点,在此基础上,开发出一种二氧化碳清除技术及研制了样机。使用该样机进行封闭空间内的有人二氧化碳吸收试验,以验证该项技术的效果。试验结果证明了这种技术的有效性。在完成样机试验后,又将样机随潜水器进行海试。海试的圆满成功进一步证实了样机的有效性。

Ocean resources,for which the modern military and economy are competing,are the material sources for sustainable development.In order to keep our own rights in the competition of international resources,the project to develop a deep human occupied vehicle（HOV） was started.In this paper different requirements of CO2 concentration in the closed space of various underwater vehicles such as submarine and human occupied vehicle（HOV） is introduced.Based on that,from the aspects of power,space size and CO2 concentration,the particular demands for absorbing CO2 are analyzed.Several CO2 absorption methods in the closed space such as mono ethanol amine（MEA）,molecular sieve,solid amine,soda lime and lithium hydroxide are compared and one appropriate method is selected for HOV.According to this absorbing mechanism,a suitable CO2 absorption technology and a sample model is developed to prove the effectiveness of this method.At last the model is fitted in the cabin of the ＂Harmony＂ and a series of experiments have been achieved in the South China Sea.The validity of the model is approved by these experiments.