玉米室内种子活力的配合力分析

Combining ability analysis of maize seed vigor in laboratory

以7个自交系为母本,5个自交系为父本,采用NC～Ⅱ不完全双列杂交试验设计对35个材料的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数和幼苗干重等种子活力指标进行配合力分析.结果表明:种子活力在不同亲本间,以及同一亲本不同性状间一般配合力效应存在显著差异:同一自交系同一性状不同组合间特殊配合力也存在显著差异;一般配合力低的自交系也有特殊配合力较高的组合出现.综合各性状GCA最高的是P_7,其次是P_1和P_8;特殊配合力最好的组合为P_6/P_9,且其活力指数特殊配合力最高:活力指数与幼苗干重的GCA方差、狭义遗传率与广义遗传率均较高,可在早代进行选择,而发芽势与发芽率的狭义遗传率较低,不宜在早代进行选择.

The experiment, taking seven inbred lines as the female parent, five as male parent, made 35 cross combinations as materials using NC- Ⅱ incomplete diallel cross design. Germination energy, germination percentage, germination index, vigor index dry weight and other indexes were analyzed by combing ability. The results showed that general combining ability of five indexes reflecting seed vigor was significantly different among different parents, and different traits in the same parents. The special combining ability of the same trait in the same inbred lines among different combination were significant differences. But inbred lines combinations with low general combining ability also had higher special combining ability. Summarizing all the characters , GCA of P7 was the hightest, followed by Pl and Ps. The best combinations of SCA was P6/P9 whose SCA of vigor index was the highest. GCA variances, narrow heritability and broad heritability both in germination index and dry weight of seedling were high, so early generation selection was suitable, while narrow heritability in germination energy and germination percentage was low, so early generation selection was not suitable.