案外人申请再审的主体资格及路径分析

Analysis on Qualification and Approach to Apply for a Retrial by the Person not Involved in the Case

恶意诉讼、诉讼欺诈等诉讼功能异化的产物常常会侵害到案外人的实体权益,在我国尚未完全引入撤销之诉的前提下,以再审程序为依托,赋予案外人对侵害其合法权益的生效裁判、调解书以申请再审的权利是最为直接的事后救济途径,亦是从程序上规制恶意诉讼的有力措施。在民事诉讼法新修订后,我国现阶段实际存在着执行程序中和执行程序外两种案外人申请再审的救济路径,二者适用条件不尽相同,对诉讼欺诈的规制效果亦不同。为实现对程序安定与既判力的维护,对案外人申请再审的主体适格性应适度从严。

The malicious litigations often trespass the substantial rights of the person not involved in the case.Relying on the procedure for trial supervision and enduing the person not involved in the case the right to apply the retrial is the direct remedy as soon as the measure to restrict the malicious litigations procedurally.After the revision of the civil procedure law,there are two approaches of retrial applied by the person not involved in the case with different elements.To maintain the res judicata and the stability of procedure,we should restrict the subject to apply a retrial among the person not involved in the case.