不同处理方法对马铃薯茎尖成苗率的影响

Influence of Various Treatments on Plantlet Regeneration Percentage of Shoot Tip Culture

试验以带马铃薯病毒的N88为材料,分别在40℃/25℃(4 h/20 h)的变温环境中,培养2、3、4周处理后茎尖剥离;以N88和D575试管苗为材料,在加入0,20,30 mg·L-1病毒唑的培养基中处理40 d后茎尖剥离。茎尖培养基为MS+0.05 mg·L-1 NAA+0.1 mg·L-1 6-BA+0.1 mg·L-1 GA3+4 g·L-1琼脂粉+30 g·L-1白砂糖的改良固体培养基,30 d后开始调查成苗率,每隔10 d调查1次,直到60 d,统计茎尖成苗率。结果表明:2周变温处理的茎尖成苗率和对照接近,但脱毒率有所提高;4周变温处理剥离茎尖成苗率最低,60 d成苗率仅为15%,脱毒率为100%;病毒唑浓度对不同材料的茎尖成苗率影响不同,其中D575经过20 mg·L-1病毒唑处理,茎尖培养60 d后成苗率最高达到83.3%,PVS脱除率为40%;材料N88在加入20 mg·L-1和30 mg·L-1浓度病毒唑的培养基中培养40 d后茎尖剥离,60 d成苗率分别为40.0%和41.7%,PVY、PLRV的脱毒率为100%。

Plantlets in vitro of the potato clone N88 were treated with the alternating temperature 40℃/25℃（4h/20 h） for 2,3 and 4 weeks before shoot tips were excised.Plantlets in vitro of the potato clones N 88 and D 575 were cultured in medium supplemented with 0,20,30 mg·L-1 virazole for 40 days,and then the shoot tips were removed.Shoot tips were cultured in the modified solid MS medium＋0.05 mg·L-1 NAA＋0.1 mg·L-1 6-BA＋0.1 mg·L-1 GA3＋4 g·L-1 agar＋30 g·L-1white sugar,and the plantlet regeneration percentage was recorded 30,40,50 and 60 days after culture.The regeneration percentage for alternating temperature treatment for 2 weeks was close to that of the control,but the percentage of plantlets free of viruses was increased.The treatment of alternating temperature for 4 weeks had the lowest plantlet regeneration,only 15% when the shoot tips were culture for 60 days,but all the plantlets regenerated were virus free.The concentration of virazole had different effects on regeneration percentage of different clones.D575,after the treatment with 20 mg·L-1virazole,gave 83.3% best regeneration,when cultured for 60 days,and 40% of it was PVS free.For N88,the regeneration percentage was 40.0% and 41.7%,respectively,when cultured in medium supplied with 20 mg·L-1 and 30 mg·L-1 virazole for 60 days and all the plantlets regenerated were free of PVY and PLRV.