我国农村寄宿制学校学生食物消费现况

Status of Food Consumption Among Boarding Students in Rural Areas

目的了解农村寄宿制学校学生的食物消费现状,为改善农村学生营养状况提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,抽取13个省共29343名农村寄宿制学校中小学生,采用问卷调查方法收集数据并分析寄宿制学校学生对各种食物的消费情况。结果低收入地区学生平均每日主食、蔬菜、肉类、蛋类、豆类及豆制品、奶类及奶制品、水果和咸菜的消费率分别为92.1%,89.2%,54.6%,20.6%,53.7%,6.2%,12.0%,25.8%;中高收入地区学生分别为94.9%,92.7%,56.3%,40.1%,50.1%,19.8%,18.4%,27.7%。低收入地区学生主食、蔬菜、蛋类、豆类及豆制品、奶类及奶制品、水果和咸菜的消费率显著低于中高收入地区学生。低收入地区寄宿制学校学生近1个月基本不吃肉类、蛋类、奶制品、豆类的比例分别为38.3%,61.1%,79.9%,38.5%;中高收入地区学生近1个月基本不吃肉类、蛋类、奶制品、豆类的比例分别为21.5%,31.0%,61.4%,22.3%。结论农村寄宿制学校学生肉、蛋、奶、豆类、水果的食用率及食用频率都较低,应进一步改善。

Objective To investigate the current status of food consumption among rural boarding students in China,and to provide scientific basis for improving rural students＇ nutrition status.Methods Totally 29 343 rural boarding students were selected from 13 provinces by multistage stratified cluster sampling method.The data were collected by questionnaires and the status of consumption of various foods was analyzed by them.Results The consumption rate of cereals,vegetables,meat,eggs,legume,milk and pickles per day of boarding students in low income areas were 92.1%,89.2%,54.6%,20.6%,53.7%,6.2%,12.0%,25.8%,respectively.That of boarding students in middle and high income areas were 94.9%,92.7%,56.3%,40.1%,50.1%,19.8%,18.4%,27.7%,respectively.The consumption rates of cereals,vegetables,eggs,legume,milk and pickles of students in low income areas were lower than that of students in middle and high income areas.There were 38.3%,61.1%,79.9%,38.5% boarding students whose consumption frequency of meat,eggs,dairy products,legume were less than 1 time/month respectively in low income areas and the proportion in middle and high income areas were 21.5%,31.0%,61.4%,22.3%,respectively.Conclusion Boarding students have low consumption rates of meat,eggs,milk,legume and vegetables,which should be further improved.