新疆主栽杏品种动态运输模拟试验

A Brief Summary on Dynamic Transportation Simulation of the Major Commercia Varieties of Xinjiang Apricot

【目的】筛选出较耐贮运的新疆主栽杏品种及其较适宜动态贮运和包装的方式。【方法】以冷藏车为运输工具,结合常规和专用2种包装方式,对新疆主栽的9个杏品种进行4000km动态运输模拟试验,待运回保鲜库后,测定9个杏品种果实的失水率和腐烂率;对使用专用包装的杏果实进行常温货架期模拟试验,期间测定果实的失水率、腐烂率、硬度和可溶性固形物含量。【结果】赛买提1号杏、索克赛买提杏、明星杏、胡安娜杏及小白杏5个品种较耐贮运;初步确认产地及时预冷结合专用包装采用冷藏车(温度为1～5℃;湿度为65%～90%)运输是新疆杏动态贮运的较适宜方式。【结论】专用包装还需进一步改进,同时可考虑不同采摘成熟度对新疆杏贮运效果和货架期品质的影响。

[Objective]To screen the better breed of Xinjiang Apricot and select the better fresh-keeping methods and packaging methods during storage and transport.[Method]Carrying out 4000 km simulation tests of 9 Xinjiang Apricots,combining both common package and appropriative package methods with refrigerator car,testing water loss rate and rot rate after storage and transport;and then studying simulation tests of 9 Xinjiang Apricots using appropriative package methods,testing water loss rate,rot rate,hardness and soluble solids content during normal temperature commodity.[Result]The five breeds including Saimaiti 1,Suokesaimaiti,Mingxing,Huanna and Xiaobaixing apricots were the better endurance to be storaged and transported;The timely precooling treatment of 9 Xinjiang Apricots in growing area were affirmed to be the better method combined appropriative package with refrigerator car（the temperature was 1～5℃;the humidity was 65%～90%）.[Conclusion]The special package need to be further improved and it also should be considered that the different maturity degrees would produce a certain effect on behavior of storage and transport and its commodity quality.