根渗灌条件下施肥对红枣产量构成因素的影响

Effect of Fertilizer on Yield Formation Factors of Red Jujubes Under the Conditions of Infiltrating Irrigation Around Root

【目的】研究施肥对红枣花、果及产量的影响,探讨适宜成龄红枣的施肥量和追肥次数。【方法】在根渗灌条件下通过不同施肥量和不同追肥次数的试验,研究施肥对红枣花、果及产量的影响。【结果】增加施肥量和追肥次数均可以有效提高灰枣平均单个枣吊开花数量和结果数量,同时可以增加灰枣果实体积,进而提高了红枣产量;但追肥次数少时,需要在红枣关键期施肥,否则容易造成红枣关键需肥期供肥不足,导致花果数量减少,影响产量;追肥总量较高时,适当调整氮肥追肥配比,少量多次追肥效果最好。【结论】增加施肥量和追肥次数均可以有效提高灰枣平均单个枣吊开花数量、结果数量、果径和产量。

[Objective]This study was carried out to reveal the effect of fertilizer on flower,fruit and yield of red jujubes,and determine the appropriate fertilizer and topdressing frequency.[Method]Under the conditions of infiltrating irrigation around root,a field experiment was carried out to study the relation between fertilizer and yield formation factors of jujubes;[Result]Increasing fertilizer and topdressing frequency both can effectively increase quantity of blossom and bear fruit of average single hanging jujubes,also can increase the fruit volume,therefore,increase the yield of red jujube;but when frequency of topdressing fertilizer were reduced,red jujube need to be fertilized in the key period.Otherwise it will be easier to cause red jujube to be short of fertilizer during the key growth period and to reduce quantity of blossom and bear fruit,and yield.When total of topdressing is higher,the formulated fertilization should be properly adjusted.[Conclusion]Adding fertilizer and topdressing frequency can increase quantity of blossom,bear fruit,the fruit volume,and yields.