塔里木兔不同地理种群头骨形态特征的比较研究

Comparison of Skull Morphological Characters of Yarkand Hare (Lepus yarkandensis) of Different Geographical Populations

【目的】探讨塔里木兔(Lepus yarkandensis)不同地理种群头骨形态差异。【方法】研究对沙雅、库车、尉犁、皮山和且末等5个塔里木兔种群的24项头骨形态指标进行测量,使用SPSS统计软件,应用单因素方差分析、聚类分析和判别分析方法对塔里木兔头骨测量值进行数据处理和分析。【结果】沙雅种群与库车、尉犁和且末3个种群都有重叠现象,其中沙雅和尉犁种群的相似性最高;皮山种群与其他4个种群的头骨完全可以分开,表明皮山种群与其他4个种群的头骨差别较大。单因素方差分析和聚类分析结果亦与上述结论相符。【结论】塔里木兔5个种群间具有头骨形态差异,特别是皮山种群与其它种群差异很明显。皮山种群有种群分化的趋势,这可能主要与种群地理隔离有关。

[Objective]To study the skull morphological difference of Yarkand hare different geographic populations.[Method]The twenty-four skull morphological traits for the Yarkand hare populations in Shaya,Kuche,Yuli,Pishan,and in Qiemo were analyzed by using SPSS software,cluster analysis and discriminant analysis.[Result]Discriminant analysis shows that there were almost no differences between Shaya populations and Kuche,Yuli,Qiemo populations,in which Shaya population and Yuli population were much similar to each other;the skull traits of Pishan population and other four populations were completely separated,indicating that there was a remarkable difference between the skull morphological traits of Pishan population and other four populations.The results of one-way ANOVA and cluster analysis also consistented with the above conclusion.[Conclusion]In this study,it was discovered that there was a difference among the skull morphologies of five Yarkand hare populations;among them the difference of skull traits in Pishan population was remarkable.Pishan population had the tendency of population differentiation,which might be resulted from geographical isolation