新疆产业结构变化及其生态环境效益分析

Analysis of the Industrial Structure Change and Its Eco-environmental Effect in Xinjiang

【目的】了解产业结构变化对生态环境的影响,从环保的目标出发可以限制和改进现有产业结构,降低生态环境污染。【方法】以人地关系理论为指导,定性评价不同产业类型对生态环境影响,利用不同产业类型生态环境影响系数,对新疆30a(1978～2008年)的产业类型演变及其生态环境效益进行定量评价。【结果】研究时段内,产业结构经历了3次较大产业转移,产业结构生态环境影响属于中等水平,生态环境影响指数(influence index of industrial structure onn atural environment,IIISNE)产生波动性变化,其整体存在逐年降低后又反弹现象。1978～1991年生态环境效应逐年降低,产业结构变动给研究区带来了较好的生态环境效应,从1992年以后研究区生态环境发生变化生态环境影响指数呈增长趋势。【结论】研究区产业结构演变对自然资源和生态环境的影响比较明显,产业结构的优化并没有改变依赖资源和环境的局面,研究区需要优化产业结构,提高资源的使用效率,减少各种污染,降低产业发展对生态环境的影响。

[Objective]Through analyzing the impacts of industrial structure changes on the ecological environment,from the aspects of environmental protection to confine and improve the industrial structure in the industrial development,and to reduce environmental pollution.[Method]Based the human and land relationship theoretical guidance to typically evaluate the impacts of different industrial dustrial structure on the ecological environment,using the influence coefficient of different industries on natural environment,to quantitatively analyze the different industries evolution and its effects on the ecological environment.[Result]In the study period,industrial structure went through three obvious transformations and the influence of industrial structure on ecological environment belong to moderate level.The influencing index of industrial structure on natural environment （IIISNE）brought fluctuated changes.During 1978-1991 the IIISNE gradually declined and the industrial structure change brought relative ecological benefit to the study area.However,since 1992 there have been great changes of the ecological environment in study area,the IIISNE tonded to increasing tendency.[Conclusion]The industrial structure evolution brought obvious effect on these natural environment,ecological environment,optimization of industrial structure hadn’t changed reliance on natural resource and ecological environment.Therefore,the study area need to optimize the industrial structure,improve use effect of nutural resources,reduce different pollutions and reduce the influence of industrial development on ecological environment.