工业企业职业卫生现况调查

An Investigation of Current Status of Occupational Health in 135 Industrial Enterprises in Zhejiang Province

目的调查职业病危害企业的职业卫生状况,提出相应的职业卫生管理对策。方法分层随机抽样杭州及衢州135家企业,就职业病防治管理制度、职业病危害项目申报、职业病危害防护措施、职业健康检查及作业场所职业病危害因素监测等项目进行调查分析。结果 135家调查企业中,进行职业病危害申报的企业占60.00%;开展职业病危害因素监测的企业占80.00%,不同地区、不同经济类型、不同规模企业之间,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05);对全部工人提供上岗前、在岗期间及离岗时健康体检的企业分别占51.85%、54.07%和20.74%;不同地区、不同经济类型、不同规模企业之间职业健康体检的比例差异也有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论浙江省工业企业职业病防治工作存在地区差异,小型企业、私有企业是今后职业卫生工作的重点关注对象。

Objective To investigate the current status of occupational health in industrial enterprises existing occupational hazards in Zhejiang Province and to provide a basic strategy for the management of occupational health. Methods 135 industrial enterprises in Hangzhou and Quzhou areas were selected,using stratified random sampling method to investigate the occupational health management,occupational hazards reporting,preventive measures,occupational physical examinations and monitoring of occupational hazard factors.Results Among the 135 investigated enterprises,60.00% of them reported occupational hazards to administrative departments of occupational health,and there were 108 enterprises （80.00%） in which occupational hazard factors were measured. The differences in proportion of enterprise conducting occupational hazard factors measurements among different regions,economic types and sizes of enterprises were statistically significant（P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. The proportions of enterprises providing pre-employment,on-job and pre-departure physical examinations for all workers exposed to occupational hazards were 51.85%,54.07% and 20.74%,respectively. There were significant differences in the proportions of enterprises providing occupational physical examinations among different regions,economic types and sizes of enterprises（P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. Conclusion There was a regional difference in occupational disease prevention in Zhejiang province. More attention should be paid to occupational health of small and private enterprises in Zhejiang province.