我院2007—2008年药物不良反应报告分析

Analysis of Adverse Drug Reaction Occurred During 2007-2008 in Shijitan Hospital

目的了解我院药物不良反应(ADR)发生的特点和规律,提示临床医师关注ADR,合理选择药物,减少ADR的发生。方法对我院ADR监测中心收到的204例ADR报告进行统计分析。结果 204例患者ADR涉及药物219例次,涉及药物15大类。其中抗菌药物ADR最多(105例次),占ADR总例次的47.94%。排在第二位的是中药注射剂57例次,占ADR总例次的26.03%。ADR患者的年龄分布间差异有统计学意义(χ2=131.80,P<0.01),其中>60岁组与41～60岁组ADR患者构成比比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.37,P<0.01)。结论抗菌药物引起的ADR最多占47.94%,抗菌药物引起的ADR中以氟喹诺酮类药物引起的ADR病例最多;中药注射剂引起的ADR占第二位。合理使用抗菌药物及中药注射剂是减少ADR的关键。为老年人选择药品时一定要严格掌握适应证,同时还要考虑老年人的生理特性,加强对老年人ADR的监测,将老年人用药的风险降至最低。

Objective To investigate the characters and law of adverse drug reaction （ADR） so as to prompt clinicians pay attention to ADR,select reasonable medication and reduce the occurrence of ADR.Methods The data of 204 cases of ADR from the center of ADR monitor were statistically analyzed.Results Among the 204 cases,219 case times of ADR occurred in drug utilization and the drugs were in 15 categories.A total of 105 case times involved antibiotics accounting for 47.9% of the total.A total of 57 cases were injections of Chinese herbal medicine,ranking in the second place and accounting for 26.03% of the total.There were significant difference among different age groups （χ2=131.80,P0.01）.Patients more than 60 years had a higher ADR than the patients between 41 to 60 years（χ2=14.37,P0.01）.Conclusion ADR mostly results from use of antibiotics especially quinolone,and injections of Chinese herbal medicine ranks in the second place.So the key to reduce ADR is to use antibiotics and injection of Chinese herbal medicine reasonably.Meanwhile,physical characteristics of elders need to be considered.And to monitor ADR for elders should be enhanced so as to minimize the risk.