早产适于胎龄儿低钠血症的预防

Prevention of Hyponatremia in Premature Infants Appropriate for Gestational Age

目的探讨早产适于胎龄儿低钠血症的早期预防。方法 151例早产适于胎龄儿随机分为三组:A组51例,B组54例,C组46例。A、B组分别于生后24h、48h开始静脉泵输注0.9%氯化钠溶液2～3mmol·kg-1·d-1,C组生后72h内不补Na+。生后即时及生后72h,查血清Na+。结果三组胎龄、出生体质量及生后即时血清Na+比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。三组生后72h血清Na+比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组低钠血症发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论生后早期开始补钠,可有效预防早产适于胎龄儿低钠血症的发生,且无高钠血症医源性疾病发生,值得临床广泛推广。

Objective To discuss the early prevention of hyponatremia in premature infants appropriate for gestational age.Methods Totally 151 premature infants appropriate for gestational age （PAGA） were randomly divided into three groups： group A of 51 cases,group B of 54 cases and group C of 46 cases.The infants in the group A and B were given intravenous infusion of Na＋ for 2～3 mmol·kg-1·d-1at 24 hours,48 hours after birth,respectively;but the infants in the group C were not given.The contents of serum Na＋ were tested immediately after birth and at 72 hours after birth.Results There were no significant difference among the three groups about gestational age,birth weight,and serum Na＋immediately after birth （P0.05）.The levels of serum Na＋at 72 hours after birth and the incidences of hyponatremia were significantly different among the three groups （P0.05）.Conclusion Sodium added as soon as possible after birth,can effectively prevent the occurrence of hyponatremia in PAGA,and with no occurrence of iatrogenic hypernatremia disease,so it is worthy of wide popularization.