城市道路交叉口信号控制中的黄灯问题

Amber Interval Design at Urban Signalized Intersections

黄灯是保证信号过渡期间交叉口安全和效率的重要灯色。我国现有交通法规对黄灯信号规定不够明确,交通管理部门在黄灯时长设置上缺乏统一规范并存在执法误区。以黄灯启亮时接近停止线的车辆为对象,在减速停车和不停车通过两种选择下,研究驾驶人行为、车辆运动情况以及如何正确决策。同时,分析＂黄灯困境＂产生的原因,并给出消除方法。指出黄灯时间不宜过短或过长,综合比较德国、美国、日本黄灯时长计算方法并结合我国实际,建议根据道路限速确定最小黄灯时间：道路限速为行〉≤交440通0~7法k0m规k.mh对.-1h时黄-1时取灯取3的4s规,s道。定路建改限议为速现：＂黄灯亮时,接近停止线的车辆,可以安全停车的应停车,无法安全停车的应继续通行,但须在黄灯时间内通过停止线＂。

Amber timing design plays an significant role in the safety and efficiency of intersections.However,the purpose of amber interval in a signal cycle is not clearly defined in the current traffic regulations.The lack of uniform design method for amber light causes lots of confusions in traffic operation and enforcement in China.This paper analyzes drivers’behavior,vehicle movement and how to make a stop-or-go decision when vehicles approaching the stop line during amber interval.By discussing the causes of the dilemma zone,the paper outlines how to eliminate the dilemma zone by properly design the duration of amber interval.It is suggested that amber interval should be neither too long,nor too short.Based on the comparison of calculation methods for amber interval in Germany,U.S and Japan,the paper develops a calculation method based on the consideration of the unique traffic situation in China.Particularly,it is proposed that the minimum amber interval should be 3s for speed limit below 40 km/h,and 4s for speed limit between 40 km/h and 70 km/h.The paper also suggests to modify the current traffic regulation on amberlight definition so that on-set of a amber interval ＂Vehicles approaching the stop-line should be able to stop if they can do so safely,or to across the stop-line before red light starts＂.