支气管哮喘与焦虑状态的关系研究

A study of the relations betweem asthma and anxious condition

目的 研究支气管哮喘与焦虑状态之间的关系,为更好地控制支气管哮喘提供帮助.方法 以门诊及住院的哮喘急性发作期及缓解期患者60例作为哮喘组,健康成人60例作为对照组.进行一对一面对面问卷,记录一般资料、治疗前后哮喘控制测试（ACT）评分、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）焦虑评分.结果 哮喘组和对照组一般资料差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;哮喘组治疗前后ACT评分及焦虑评分[（11.45±3.16）分比（20.87 ±2.30）分;（10.45±3.81）分比（5.90±2.00）分]差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;哮喘组治疗前后焦虑评分与对照组[（4.02±1.50）分]比较差异亦均有统计学意义（均P＜0.01）;哮喘组治疗前后ACT评分与焦虑评分具有显著相关性（P＜0.01）;哮喘组治疗后焦虑评分明显下降,并且与治疗前后ACT评分具有相关性（P＜0.05）,与治疗前焦虑评分亦具有显著相关性（P＜0.01）.结论 哮喘不仅是一种躯体疾病,同时也是一种心理疾病,对哮喘患者进行长期跟踪治疗及心理辅导是非常必要的.

Objective To study the relation between asthma and anxious condition. Methods Totally 60 asthma patients （include outpatients and inpatients）and 60 healthy people were observed. Fill in the questionnaire before and after treatment, and calculate the score of asthma control test（ACT） and the Hamilton anxious meter （HAMA）. To analysis the data by using SPSS 13.0. Results The characteristics of the two groups on admission were similar（ P 〉 0.05 ）. Before and after treatment, the ACT grading and the Hamilton anxious grading were significant different [ （ 11.45 ± 3.16） vs （20.87 ± 2.30）;（ 10.45 ± 3.81 ） vs （5.90 ± 2.00）, P 〈 0.01 ]. The ACT grading and the HAMA anxious grading of asthma patients were significantly different compared with those of healthy people [ （ 10.45 ± 3.81 ） vs （4.02 ± 1.50）;（5.90 ± 2.00） vs （4.02 ± 1.50） ] （ P 〈 0.01 ）. During the treatment,the ACT grading was significantly correlated with the anxious grading（ P 〈 0.01 ）. After treatment, the anxious grading of asthma group was significantly lower and was correlated with the ACT grading before and after treatment （ P 〈0.05）. The anxious grading after treatment was significantly correlated with that before treatment （ P 〈 0.01 ）.Conclusions Asthma is not only a kind of physical disease, but also a kind of psychological disease. It is very necessary for the asthma patients to take a long-term drug therapy and psychotherapy.