鼻咽腔大小对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的影响

Nasopharygeal size in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

目的既往对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（ｏｂｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｖｅｓｌｅｅｐａｐｎｅａｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ，ＯＳＡＳ）患者的上气道研究集中在口咽部位。作者观察ＯＳＡＳ患者鼻咽部的三维影像特征，探讨鼻咽腔大小对ＯＳＡＳ发病影响。方法２３例ＯＳＡＳ患者与１２名性别、年龄配比的无鼾对照进行上气道ＭＲＩ影像比较；并做睡眠呼吸紊乱指数与上气道ＭＲＩ指标的相关与回归分析。结果ＯＳＡＳ患者鼻咽显著小于无鼾对照，在矢状径、横向径、截面积、体积的比较中都有较大显著性。鼻咽指标与睡眠呼吸紊乱相关密切，鼻咽矢状径与呼吸暂停低通气指数（ａｐｎｏｅａｈｙｐｏｎｏｅａｉｎｄｅｘ，ＡＨＩ）和最低血氧饱和度（ＳａＯ２）相关，鼻咽体积与呼吸暂停指数（ＡＩ）相关。结论虽然ＯＳＡＳ上气道狭窄主要在口咽部，但鼻咽大小对ＯＳＡＳ的发病及严重性均有影响。

Objective To investigate the impact of upper airway 3D size on the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Methods There were 20 male and 3 female OSAS patients involved in the research. The measured apneahypopnea index (AHI) was 45.72(24.01 episodes per hour of sleep). The items measured from magnetic resonance imageing (MRI) of upper airway size were compared to those from 12 normal controls that were sex and age matched to the OSAS patients. The Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression had done to investigate into the relationship of AHI and MRI data. Results The OSAS patients had relatively narrow nasopharynges than matched controls in the following items: the sagittal size, transverse size, section area and volume. The measured sagittal size of the nasopharynx was closely related to AHI and Lown SaO2, and the volume of nasopharynx was related to apnea index (AI). Conclusion The nasopharyngeal size is closely associated with OSAS.