大米蛋白提取技术研究进展

Research Progress in Extraciton Technology of Rice Protein

本文论述了大米蛋白提取技术的研究进展，并对碱法、酶法、溶剂法、分步水解法和物理法进行了比较分析。分析认为酶法较好，反应条件温和，对环境污染小，安全性高，但存在提取率低、成本高的问题。其他几种方法虽提取率高但还存在一些不足，碱法提取会引起蛋白质的剧烈变性，而且Mainard反应加剧，产生褐色物质，且耗用大量碱液，存在环境保护问题；溶剂法生产成本高、存在食品安全隐患等问题；物理分离法目前我国还不具备相当成熟的技术实力。建议今后采用复合法，即酶法与物理法相结合，既降低成本又能提高提取率，今后应加强这方面研究。

This paper introduced the research progress in extraction technology of rice protein. A comparative analysis had been made among alkaline mothed, enzyme method, solvent method, fractional hydrolysis method and physical method. The enzyme method was thought as the better one due to its temperate reaction conditons, low pullution to the environment and high security, though with a defect of low extraction rate and high cost. The other methods had their own shortcomings though with a higher extraction rate. The alkaline method may lead to a result of severe protein denaturation, intensified Mainard reaction, production of brown material, considerable consumption of lye and the environmental concerns; the solvent method had a problem of high cost and poteutial safoty hazard; the physical separation method was not suitable as the lack of mature technology in our country now. The compound method as the combination of enzyme method and physical method was suggested which would be researched in the future because of its lower cost and higher extraction rate.