桔梗中脂肪酸成分的GC-MS分析

Study on the Fatty Acid Compositions of Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC by GC-MS

[目的]分析测定桔梗中的脂肪酸成分。[方法]采用索氏提取法提取桔梗科植物桔梗中的脂溶性成分,经甲酯化处理后用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分离和鉴定,运用面积归一化法确定各成分的相对百分含量。[结果]从桔梗脂肪油中分离鉴定出34种脂肪酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸15种,主要种类有亚油酸(42.79%)、棕榈油酸(0.30%)、11-二十碳烯酸(1.53%)、亚麻酸(14.02%)等;饱和脂肪酸19种,主要种类有棕榈酸(13.71%)、硬脂酸(1.36%)、花生酸(0.79%)、山愈酸(1.78%)、木蜡酸(1.38%)、二十六烷酸(3.14%)、二十八烷酸(3.51%)等。[结论]桔梗的营养价值较高,具有很好的开发利用前景。

[Objective] The research aimed to determine and analyze the fatty acid compositions of Platycodon grandiflorum A.DC.[Method] The lip soluble components were extracted from platycodon grandiflorum A.DC by soxhlet extraction respectively.The extracted fatty acids were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） after methyl etherification treatment,and the relative percentage of each component was confirmed by peak-area normalization method.[Result] Total 34 kinds of fatty acid,which included 15 kinds of unsaturated fatty acid and 19 kinds of saturated fatty acid were identified from oil of platycodon grandiflorum A.DC.The main components of unsaturated fatty acids were 9,12-octadecadienoic acid （Z,Z）-（42.79%）,9-hexadecenoic acid （0.30%）,11-eicosenoic acid （1.53%）,9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid（Z,Z,Z）（14.02%） adn so on.While the main components of saturated fatty acids were hexadecanoic acid （13.71%）,octadecanoic acid （1.36%）,eicosanoic acid （0.79%）,docosanoic acid （1.78%）,tetracosanoic acid （1.38%）,hexacosanoic acid （3.14%）,octacosanoic acid （3.51%） and so on.[Conclusion] With its higher nutri tional value,platycodon grandiflorum A.DC had better development and utilization prospect.