云南省极危种馨香木兰的群落特征初步研究

Preliminary Study on the Community Characteristics of the Critically Endangered Species of Fragrant Magnolia in Yunnan

[目的]探讨馨香木兰种群的生态学特性,为了解该植物所处群落的性质和与其生境间的相互关系,揭示其生态学上的濒危机理,以及为制定该树种的合理保护策略提供依据。[方法]通过开展野外调查工作,采用设置样地调查的方法,计测了馨香木兰所处植物群落的乔木树种的重要值、物种多样性,物种丰富度,优势度和群落均匀度,通过分析获得馨香木兰的种群结构特征及动态变化。[结果]馨香木兰散生在各群落中,优势不明显。在馨香木兰所处的3种群落中,物种多样性以青冈林最高,西畴润楠林次之,圆果化香树林最低。馨香木兰的种群结构呈金字塔型,为增长型种群。[结论]由于馨香木兰生长缓慢,在物种竞争中处于劣势,再加上人为的破坏和自然因素的影响,其生长前景不容乐观,对馨香木兰的保护刻不容缓。

[Objective] The basis of the exploration of the characteristics of the fragrant magnolia community and its relationship with the ecological environment for its endangered mechanism-revealing,and the strategy-drawing up of its reasonable protection was provided through the research on its ecological characteristics.[Method] The important value,the species diversity,the species richness,the dominance and the community evenness（J） of the ardor in plant community where the fragrant magnolia was growing,were measured through the method of sample plot-setting up in out field investigation and the structure character and dynamic variation of the plant population were analyzed.[Results] The fragrant magnolia growing was scattered in various communities and its advantage was not obvious.In 3 communities of fragrant magnolia growing,it was found that number of basket forest was largest,then,it was Nanmo forest and the Xiangshu forest,lowest.The structure of fragrant magnolia population was in pyramid type,which was a growing population.[Conclusion] The fragrant magnolia was in disadvantage in species competition due to its growing slowly,the man-made destruction and natural factors,which growth viewpoint was not optimistic,thus,it was urgent to conduct the protection of fragrant magnolia.