长输油气管道环境污染事故的预测与预防

Prediction and Precaution of Environmental Pollution Caused by Oil and Gas Pipeline

在长输油气管道运行中,管道干线发生的原油泄漏事故是造成环境污染的最直接原因。通过分析历年来发生的几起典型管道原油泄漏污染事故,认为多数事故是可以预防的。风险屏障图、风险分析和预防流程图是防止管道发生环境污染事故的重要手段。介绍了管道风险分析和制定预防措施等方法。

The heaviest risk of environmental pollution is from the oil leakage of oil pipeline. Based on the analysis of several typical oil leakages of pipelines in recent years, the author considers that some leakage accidents could be avoided. The risk-shelter block diagram and risk analysis/precaution diagram are the important means to protect environment from pollution caused by pipeline accident. The risk analysis and how to work out precaution measure are introduced in this paper.