孝感城区大气TSP及Pb·Cd和Zn含量日变化研究

Research on the Daily Variation of Contents of TSP,Pb,Cd and Zn in Atmosphere of Xiaogan City

[目的]分析孝感市城区颗粒物污染的现状及来源。[方法]采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定大气中TSP及Pb、Cd、Zn的含量。[结果]孝感城区车流量和人流量密集的部分功能区大气质量存在一定的污染,大气颗粒物的日浓度最高值出现在7:00～8:00的时间段,在城站路和学院南门分别为0.5833和0.7500mg/m3,大气已受不同程度铅、镉、锌污染。其中重金属含量为Pb>Zn>Cd,3种重金属含量的日最大值均出现在11:00～13:00的时间段,城站路的Pb、Zn、Cd含量分别为21328.13、1113.58和2093.75mg/kg,学院南门的Pb、Zn、Cd含量分别为15484.38、618.29和2763.68mg/kg。表明孝感城区大气中TSP存在污染,最高值出现在黎明前后,且TSP中重金属污染物主要是Pb、Cd和Zn,其中Pb和Zn为主要污染物,日最高浓度均出现在11:00～13:00时间段。[结论]该研究为改善孝感城区大气质量奠定了基础。

[Objective] The aim of the research was to analyze the status and source of particle pollution in Xiaogan City.[Method] The contents of TSP,Pb,Cd and Zn in atmosphere were deter mined by using flaming atomic absorption spectrophotometry.[Result] In partial functional areas with dense vehicle and visitor flowrates in Xiaogan City,the atmosphere quality had some pollution;the daily highest concn.of atmosphere particles appeared in the time segment of 7：00-8：00;that of Chengzhan Road and Xuanyuan Nanmen were 0.583 3 and 0.750 0 mg/m3 resp.;their atmosphere had been polluted with Pb,Cd and Zn to different degrees.Among them the contents of heavy metals were Pb Zn Cd,the daily maximum contents of 3 heavy metals all appeared in the time segment of 11：00-13：00.The contents of Pb,Cd and Zn of Chengzhan Road and Xueyuan Nanmen were 21 328.13,1 113.58 and 2 093.75 mg/kg,15 484.38,618.29 and 2 763.68 mg/kg resp.It was indicated that the pollution existed in atmosphere TSP in Xiaogan City and the highest values appeared around dawn,the major pollutants of heavy metals in TSP were Pb,Cd and Zn,among which Pb and Zn were main pollutants and their daily highest concn.all appeared in 11：00-13：00.[Conclusion] This research laid a foundation for improving atmosphere quality of Xiaogan City.