猪BMP15和BMPR-IB基因的遗传变异及其与产仔性能的关系

Genetic variants of BMP15 and BMPR-IB genes and association with litter size in pig

采用PCR-SSCP方法对莱芜猪、鲁莱黑猪、里岔黑猪、鲁烟白猪、新沂蒙黑猪5个山东地方/培育猪种和大约克夏、长白、杜洛克3个引进猪种共8个猪种481头繁殖母猪进行BMP15和BMPR-IB基因的多态性分析,并采用最小二乘法分析其对产仔数的遗传效应.结果表明:2个基因的3个位点在8个猪种的测定群体中均存在多态性,但山东地方/培育猪种与引进猪种间在基因型频率上存在较大差异;BMP15和BMPR-IB基因对产仔数性状有显著影响(P<0.05).对于BMP15基因,AA基因型母猪中,引进猪种比山东地方/培育猪种母猪的总产仔数和活产仔数平均多产1.20头和1.64头(P<0.05);CC基因型母猪中,引进猪种比山东地方/培育猪种母猪的总产仔数和活产仔数平均多产1.20头和0.82头(P<0.05).对于BMPR-IB基因,山东地方/培育猪种内AA基因型母猪的总产仔数和活产仔数比BB基因型母猪平均多产0.49头和0.51头(P>0.05);引进猪种中BB基因型母猪比AA基因型母猪总产仔数和活产仔数平均多产1.05头和0.90头(P<0.05).

Four hundred and eighty-one pigs including Laiwu Black,Lulai Black,Licha Black,Luyan White,New Yimeng Black,Yorkshire,Landrace and Duroc were selected to detect genetic variants of BMP15 and BMPR-IB genes by PCR-SSCP.The genetic effects of the two genes on litter size were analyzed by least squares method.The results showed that the polymorphic sites of both BMP15 and BMPR-IB genes were found in all populations tested.The genotype distribution,however,revealed great differences between Shandong local breeds and foreign pig breeds.The effects of genotypes on total number born（TNB） and number born alive（NBA） were significant（P0.05）.For BMP15 gene,in AA genotypic sows,the average TNB and NBA of foreign pig breeds were 1.20 and 1.64 more than that of Shandong local breeds,respectively（P0.05）;in CC genotypic sows,the average TNB and NBA of foreign pig breeds were 1.20 and 0.82 more than that of Shandong local breeds,respectively（P0.05）.For BMPR-IB gene,in Shandong local breeds,the average TNB and NBA of AA were 0.49 and 0.51 more than that of BB,respectively（P0.05）;while the average TNB and NBA of BB was 1.05 and 0.90 more than that of AA in the foreign pig breeds,respectively（P0.05）.