我国农田水利设施供给机制:变迁、困境与创新——基于南方旱涝灾害的思考

Our Irrigation and Water Conservancy Facilities Supply Mechanism:Change,Difficulties and Innovation——Based on Thought of Drought and Flood Disaster in Southern China

南方旱涝灾害暴露出我国农田水利设施薄弱的问题,考察建国后农田水利设施供给机制的路径变迁,可知当前农田水利设施供给机制存在的困境:城市偏好的非均衡发展战略导致农田水利设施建设严重滞后;自上而下供给主导型决策机制导致农田水利设施供需脱节;水利建设事权划分不清导致农田水利设施管理责任弱化;市场倾向的多元化投资机制导致农田水利设施投资主体缺位。因此要求重构和创新相关制度:加大公共财政投入,明确政府的投资主体责任;科学进行水利建设规划,完善水利建设及旱涝灾害应急管理法律体系;整合农田水利建设支农资金,扩宽建设资金筹措渠道;加快农地制度创新,调整现行用工制度。

The drought and flood disaster in southern China exposes the shortage of China＇s irrigation and water conservancy facilities.Investigating the change path of facilities＇ supply system after the foundation of PRC,the current dilemmas of the system include：the facilities＇ badly lagging construction under the urban-preferential and non-balanced development strategy; the isolation between its supply and demand under the top-down and supply dominant decision-making mechanism;its managementresponsibility weakening due to the uncleardemarcation of its construction; the absence of its investment body because of the market tendency in the diversified investment mechanism.Therefore it demands related system reconstruction and innovation：increasing public financial investment and determining the government responsibility as investment body; scientifically planning its construction and perfecting the law system of its emergency management; integrating the fund for its construction and widening the financing channels of agricultural construction; accelerating the rural land system innovation and adjusting the current employment system.