废热锅炉温度场与应力场的有限元分析

Finite element analysis of temperature field and stress field in waster heat boiler.

废热锅炉换热管分布的不对称性， 使得管板和筒体等部件的温度场与应力场分析十分困难。为此， 运用有限元法对稳态温度场作了计算， 求得管板、筒体等部件的平均温度、内外壁温差， 并将这些参数作为应力场分析的热载荷； 将废热锅炉离散为由板壳元和杆单元组成的空间结构， 对自重、压力、温度组合的４ 种工况进行计算， 得到管板、筒体等部件的应力场分布规律。根据最大当量应力值对各部件做了强度校核， 为废热锅炉各部件的合理设计和安全评定提供了可靠的理论依据。

It is hard to make an analysis of the temperature field and stress field in the tube sheet and cylinder of a waster heat boiler owing to asymmetric arrangement of the heat exchange tube. Thereby the stable temperature field is analyzed by using the finite element method, and the mean temperature, temperature difference between the inwall and outer wall of the tube sheet and cylinder are worked out, which is taken as the heat load for an analysis of the stress field. By taking the waster heat boiler as a discrete spacial structure comprised of shell and beam elements, distribution pattern of the stress field of the tube sheet and cylinder is obtained by means of calculation under four working conditions. The strength of every components of the boiler is checked according to the maximum equivalent stress values, and this provides a reliable basis for reasonable design and safety evaluation of the boiler components.