近代安徽茶业产销格局形成过程中的交通因素

Research on the transport factors in the shaping of tea production and sale pattern of modern Anhui

近代安徽茶业在整体上呈现出不断发展的态势,并日渐形成皖南外销茶和皖西内销茶并驾齐驱的销售格局,两地茶区因销路问题而选择了不同的发展路径。在近代安徽茶业产销格局形塑和日益深化的过程中,交通起到了至为关键的推动作用。相对优越的地理区位和独特的交通条件赋予徽州茶远销海外的现实保证,闭塞的地理位置和道路交通则极大地限制了皖西茶出口的可能性。随着铁路、公路等现代交通体系的建立,火车、汽车、轮船等新型交通运输工具开始广泛地运用到茶叶贩运中,近代安徽茶叶的运输路线随之发生了重要变化。茶叶从枝头走向市场需辗转于多重运输环节,新式交通方式在缩短运输时间、降低运输成本方面具有明显优势,逐步打破了传统水路运输的主导地位。

The production of tea kept the growing trend as a whole and the sale pattern of Wannan export tea keeping pace with Wanxi domestic tea came into being gradually of modern Anhui.The two tea districts chosen for different development paths. Transport played a crucial role during the shaping and deepening of tea production and sale pattern. A relatively advantageous geographical location and unique traffic conditions entrusted the guarantee of the reality of Huizhou tea exported to overseas. And on the other hand,occlusion location and road traffic greatly restricted the Wanxi tea export possibilities. As the establishment of modern transport system,trains,automobiles,ships and other new means of transport had been widely applied to tea trafficking. In order to let tea leave from the branches to the market,the multiple transport links was removed,the new means of transportation had a clear advantage in shortening transit time,lowering transportation costs,which gradually broke the traditional dominance of water transport.