苜蓿青贮品质评定指标体系及测定方法的概述

Review on quality evaluating index system and measuring methods for alfalfa silage

苜蓿(Medicago sative)青贮技术成为当前苜蓿草研究的热点,而苜蓿青贮评定指标体系及其测定方法的完善和规范直接影响苜蓿青贮品质,因此适应苜蓿青贮评定的标准急需建立。目前苜蓿品质评定基本是参照青贮饲料的通用标准,由于苜蓿豆科牧草自身的特性和青贮方法的特殊性,传统的评定基准如有机酸、铵态氮、pH值等并不完全适应苜蓿青贮;同样随着青贮技术的发展,有关指标的测定新方法也不断出现,传统的测定方法亟待改进。通过对不同的评定标准和测定方法的分析,V-Score和Kaiser法较适合苜蓿青贮,但评定指标较少,可以将pH值、铵态氮、乳酸等指标加入,进一步细化评定范围;铵态氮可以用比色法测定,有机酸的测定采用离子色谱法和高效液相色谱法测定更准确。

Alfalfa silage technology has became a hotspot in alfalfa research and the improvement and standardization of quality evaluating index system and measuring methods for alfalfa silage directly affected the alfalfa silage quality,so it was urgently necessary to establish the suitable evaluating standards for alfalfa silage.The current standards for alfalfa silage are from those for common silage and they are not suitable for alfalfa silage because of the its specific features and newly developed measuring methods.By analyzing the different evaluating standards and measuring methods,V-Score and Kaiser were suitable for alfalfa silage,but the evaluating index was not enough,the indices including pH value,ammonium nitrogen and lactic acid should be covered in order to improve the evaluation.The ammonium nitrogen could be assayed by spectrophotometer and for organic acid,methods of HPLC and Ion Chromatograph are better.