我国生态补偿的研究进展与展望

Review and Prospect of Ecological Compensation Study in China

综合分析了不同学者提出的生态补偿概念,认为生态补偿在我国更具有"制度安排"的内涵,具有综合性的概念更适合我国国情。生态补偿标准的核算方法、森林生态效益补偿、流域生态补偿、大型生态建设工程生态补偿和主体功能区生态补偿是我国当前生态补偿研究的五大热点领域。通过对研究发展历程和研究进展的梳理,提出展望,以期为我国生态补偿机制的建立提供理论参考。在研究方面,认为应继续与实践结合,深入研究生态补偿标准的核算方法和机制的运作。在实践方面,可考虑结合主体功能区规划设立日常运作机构,加快确立信息公开渠道。

The development of ecological compensation in China and abroad,including that in practice,theory and legislation,is reviewed.The authors think that the ecological compensation is government-based practice in China,as compared with market-based in foreign countries.There is not a widely approved definition of ecological compensation nowadays,but a comprehensive concept is more suitable to the conditions in China,for the ecological compensation in the country has an institutional arrangement background.Estimation methods of ecological compensation,forest ecological benefit compensation,river basin ecological compensation,ecological construction project compensation and major function oriented zone（MFOZ） ecological compensation are the top five hot topics in the research at present.In this paper prospects of ecological compensation research are put out.The authors consider that more attention should be paid to integrating the theory with practice,estimation methods and operation of mechanism.In practice,the research should focus on the establishment of the operation institution for MFOZ,and acceleration of the system construction of information publicity.