海南省自然旅游资源调查研究

Investigation of Natural Tourism Resources in Hainan Province

采用资料分析、现场踏勘、重点详查与座谈访问相结合的方法,依据国家标准GB/T 18972-2003《旅游资源分类、调查与评价》,对海南自然旅游资源进行调查、分类与评价研究。结果表明:海南自然旅游资源有4个主类、16个亚类和61个基本类型,涵盖了全国的绝大部分种类;自然旅游资源单体335个,特品级旅游资源单体47个,占总数的14.0%,优良级旅游资源单体178个,占53.1%,普通级旅游资源单体48个,占14.3%,未获等级旅游资源单体62个,占18.5%,形成一海(中国南海)、两极(海口市和三亚市)、三区(海南岛东部海岸、中部山区、西部海岸)的空间分布格局;中部山区、东部海岸和三亚市的自然旅游资源相对集中,组合搭配和特色性突出。海南自然旅游资源优势为拥有世界一流的热带海岛气候资源和热带海岸带资源,我国垄断的冬季避寒资源,我国面积最大的海域和最丰富的热带森林资源,热带温泉资源丰富,自然旅游资源珍稀性明显,而最具优势和竞争力的旅游资源是拥有中国和世界一流的优美生态环境。劣势是品牌旅游资源少,开发利用程度低,基础设施差,资源分布不均衡且有所重复,局部热带森林资源和滨海岸线生态系统遭到破坏。

Based on the national standards GB/T 18972-2003,investigation,classification and evaluation of the natural tourism resources in Hainan Province are conducted with methods of data analysis,field investigation,and key detailed survey combined with informal discussion.The result shows that： there are 4 main categories,16 sub-categories and 61 basic types of natural tourism resources in Hainan,covering most kinds of those in China.In the 335 tourism resource monomers,47 are excellent,178 fine,48 general and 62 substandard,accounting for 14.0%,53.1%,14.3% and 18.5% of the total,respectively.A pattern of ＂one sea（the South China Sea）,two poles（Haikou city and Sanya city） and three districts（the east coast,the central mountains and the west coast）＂ have formed for tourism development,and the natural tourism resources are more concentrated in the central mountains,the east coast and Sanya city.The advantages of the natural tourism resources in Hainan are： the only tropical islands with tropical climate and scenery in China,the largest sea area and the most abundant tropical forest resources in the country,and so on.Rarity of natural tourism resources of Hainan is apparently.Now the problems are low level of development and utilization,poor infrastructure,uneven distribution of resources,and damage of local tropical forests and costal ecosystems.