基于单矢量水听器的水面目标运动分析

Analysis of surface target motion based on a single vector sensor

介绍了一种基于单个三维矢量水听器对水面目标进行跟踪定位和运动速度估计的简单方法。首先利用平均声能流法得到目标波达方向的极大似然估计;当矢量水听器深度已知,由目标波达方向的估计序列可得到目标空间位置和运动速度的估计序列。但随着信噪比的降低,目标定向性能随之下降,导致目标位置和速度的估计误差急剧增大。针对直线运动目标,提出利用线性最小二乘法进行目标轨迹拟合的改进算法。仿真结果表明,拟合算法大大提高了目标定位精度和运动速度估计精度,增强了基于单矢量水听器的水面目标运动分析的结果的可靠性。

A simple method based on a single 3-dimensional vector sensor is proposed to localize and track a surface target.The maximum likelihood estimation of the azimuth and elevation angles is obtained by the averaged intensity estimator.When the vector sensor depth is known,the target position and velocity can be estimated from the target di-rection sequence.However,as the signal-noise ratio（SNR） is reduced,the accuracy of the azimuth and elevation angles is deteriorated,which results in the fallibility of the target position and velocity estimations.For linearly moving targets,a linear least square method is used to fit the target track,and thus the velocity estimation is improved.The simulation results show that the curve-fit method enhances the accuracy of both the localization and velocity estimation results.The proposed method is simply and low-cost in computation consumption,suitable for passive sonar buoy and torpedo systems,and increases the reliability of the surface target motion analysis based on a single vector sensor.