种子包衣和烯效唑调控油菜生长的研究

Studies on regulation of seed coating and uniconazole to the growth of rape plant.

在种子播种前进行包衣处理，在油菜幼苗三叶期叶面喷施烯效唑，于不同生育期取样测定种子包衣和烯效唑对油菜生长的调控作用。结果表明：种子包衣在苗期能显著地促进幼苗生长，增加最大叶的长度和宽度，叶色变深，叶绿素含量提高，根系活力增强，根系与地上部的干物重显著增加。烯效唑对包衣油菜的生长有一定的调控作用，使其绿叶数增多，叶片变小增厚，叶色变深，叶绿素含量增加，茎杆增粗，延缓其衰老。种子包衣对油菜整个生长发育过程起调控作用，增加油菜的一次分枝、角果数及地上部的干物重，并促进每角粒数的增加，因而籽粒产量比对照增加２２．３％，烯效唑对包衣油菜生长的调控主要是延缓植株衰老，增强其光合作用能力，使其根重、茎重、单株种子重增加，最终达到高产，籽粒产量比对照增加２４．８％。

Rapeseed was coated pre-sowing , uniconazole was sprayed foliarly at the three-leaf stage , and the effects of these treatments were detected in different developmental stages. The result showed that seed coating significantly promoted the growth of seedlings, increatald the length and width of the maxi- mum leaf and made their color deeper, increased their chlorophyll content, improved root oxidizability, and increaed the dry weight of root and shoot. Uniconazole regulated the growth of rape seedlings using seed coating , increased the number of green leaves , made leaves smaller and thicker and the color deeper, increased leaf chlorophyll content and the width of main stem, and delayed plant senescence. Seed coating could regulate the whole process of the growth and development of rape, increase the number of primary branches, pods and dry weight of plant , the number of pods of main branches and seeds per pod, conse- quently a 22. 3% increase of yield over the controls was obtained. Effects of uniconazole on the growth of rape using seed coating were that uniconazole could delay plant senescence , raise the ability of photosynthe- sis , increase the dry weight of root , stem and seeds per plant , resulting in high and stable yield. A 24. 8% increase of seed yield over the controls was observed.