邯郸市农业科学院大豆育种工作进展与成果分析

Analysis on Breeding Progress and Achievement of Soybean in Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences

1984~2010年邯郸市农业科学院共育成高产、优质大豆新品种8个,其中5个为国审品种,3个为高产高油优质品种。逐步完成了由高产向高产优质的跨越,形成了以高产高油大豆为主要品种特色;同时品种在抗病、抗旱等抗逆性方面也有显著提高。在育种上,提出了杂交亲本应尽可能选择遗传基础好、产量性状突出、综合性状优良的品种或材料作核心亲本,与地理远缘、配合力高的品种或中间材料配制杂交组合的观点;在杂交后代选择上,提出了早期应尽量扩大后代群体,并在水、旱交替条件下增加选择压力,可使选育品种具有较好丰产性、耐旱性的观点。

Eight new soybean varieties had been bred by Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences from 1984 to 2010,among those varieties,five varieties were approved by the National Crop Approval Committee,and three varieties had the characters of high yield and high oil.The breeding objective changed from high yield to high yield and high oil.Meanwhile,the disease resistance and drought tolerance were improved significantly.The hybridization should be carried out between the varieties and materials with good genetic basis and outstanding yield traits and geographically distant ones with high combing ability.The progeny population should be enlarged in early stage.The selection pressure should be strengthened by the alternating of water and drought to breed the varieties with high yield and drought tolerance.