日本《信托法》的两次价值选择——以意定信托委托人的权利为中心

Different Values in Japan's Trust Code and Its Revision:from the Perspective of Settlor's Rights

2006年日本《信托法》的修改使得前后两部《信托法》在立法价值取向上出现了重大差异。日本旧《信托法》出于防弊的需要,对信托制度做了相当大的改造,使得委托人的权力畸大,这一立法模式为包括我国在内的大陆法系国家和地区所继受,在理论和实务上造成了困扰。日本新《信托法》放弃了此前的这种不成功的改造,转向兴利。其理性的立法态度值得借鉴。

Japan＇ s trust code was revised in 2006. It was 80 years since Japan＇ s first trust code came into being. The new code is so different in values from the old one.The old one entirely resulted from the utilitarian legislative policy with no sufficient theoretical support. It overvalued the safety of transaction but ignored the efficiency. Japan is the first country to improve its trust code and adapt it to the need of the commercial trusts in Asia. Settlor＇ s status advances along the way of the reason.