西北小城镇的震害特点及防灾减灾

THE EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE CHARACTERISTICS IN SMALL TOWNS IN THE NORTHWEST OF CHINA AND DISASTER PREVENTION AND MITIGATION RESEARCH

西北小城镇面临的地震高风险已成为人们关注的焦点。由于自然环境差、社会经济和城镇基础设施薄弱、民众文化素质低,加大了小城镇抢险救援的难度。另一方面,人口密度低、自救互救能力较强、震后引发的社会问题不突出,又成为有利的一面。了解西北小城镇的震害特点,有针对性地建立起防灾减灾对策,做好平时准备、震前防御、震时救援、震后重建的立体战略思想、战术和方法,就能很好地提高西北小城镇的综合防灾能力。

Small towns in the northwest of China are faced with high risk of earthquake struck, and this topic has become the focus of attention. Due to poor natural environment, backward economy, poor urban infra-structure and low culture qualities of people, the difficulty of rescue has increased. On the other hand, in these small towns, the population density is low, the ability in self - help and mutual rescue is strong, and the social problem triggered by the earthquake is not prominent, these have become the favorable side. So we should research the earthquake damage characteristics in these places, develop strategies of disaster prevention and mitigation, do preparation in peacetime, prevent before the earthquake, rescue when the earthquake happens, and reconstruct after the earthquake. Only in this way can we improve the comprehensive disaster prevention capabilities in these small towns.