东海区鲳鱼资源利用现状分析

Analysis on the Exploitation of Pampus spp. in the East China Sea

通过对东海区鲳鱼近年群体组成变化及银鲳生物学特性变化来分析目前鲳鱼资源利用状况,结果表明：一方面,虽然近年鲳鱼产量大幅增加,但其平均体重、优势叉长组成及年龄组成均出现明显下降,资源状况日益恶化；另一方面,1龄鱼已占渔获的93．68％,目前捕捞现行点开捕年龄tc=1和捕捞死亡系数F＝2．51,单位补充量繁殖力相对百分比P＜1．9％,单位补充量渔获量(Yw／R)为70g／尾,均显示已处于严重的生物学型捕捞过度．建议渔业管理部门大力削减作业渔船约50％,严格控制捕捞强度,逐步推迟开捕年龄至3龄以上,使鲳鱼资源真正能够永续利用。

By analyzing the currently population composition of Pampus spp. in the East ChinaSea and the changes of partial biological features of Pampus argenteus, the results show thatalthough the yield of Pampus spp. has dramatically increased in recent years,the average weight,dorminant fork length and average age are all significantly decreasing. Obviously the resources aredeteriorating day by day. On the other hand, the 1 age group accounts for 93. 68% after thecalculation from body length to age group. At present the fishing point is tc= 1 and F= 2. 51,therelative percentage P of fecundity per recruitment is less than 1. 9% and the yield per recruitment(Y-/R) is only 70 g per fish. Therefore the fishery is under the severe biological over fishing now.In order to preserve and recovery the Pampus spp. resources, some measures are put forward inthis paper,such as cutting into the half of fishing boats, strictly controlling fishing intensity andputting off the first catch age at least 3-5 years.