湖泊主要生态因子及富营养化治理研究展望

Characteristic of main ecological factors in lakes and energy-efficient fishery,a new strategy of eutrophication management

湖泊是一个开放的生态系统,其内部各种生态因子彼此交织在一起构成网状生态结构,由系统的能量流和物质循环引起的水质动态变化也是自然因素和人类活动综合作用的结果,而人类活动更为突出.湖泊面积减少,营养化程度日趋严重,引发一系列生态环境问题.为此综述了湖泊水域主要生态因子的研究进展,并在总结藻型湖泊与草型湖泊的主要区别以及主流的富营养化治理方法的同时介绍了一种富营养化治理的新方略——能效渔业,以期为更好的开发利用湖泊以及湖泊富营养化防治提供理论依据.

Lake is an opened ecological system, where various ecological factors combined into a ecological net. The dynamic changes of the water quality, induced by energy flowing, as well as substance circulating, were caused both by natural evolution and human impacts, while the human activities exert greater influence on this changes. The reduction of the lake area, as well as the daily serious eutrophication results in a series of ecological and environmental problem. This paper summarized the characteristic of main ecological factors in lakes , the differences of alga and grass type water, the current treatment of eutrophication, as well as the energy-efficient fishery, a new strategy of eutrophication management, which will be likely to provide an effective theoretical basis to the development and utilization of lake resources, as well as the prevention and treatment of eutrophication phenomena.