交通噪声对交通警察听阈影响动态观察初探

Dynamic Observation of the Effect of Traffic\=Noise on Hearing Threshold of Traffic Police

合肥市四个主要交通路口车流量１１６７～１４１３辆／小时，噪声范围为６５～９６ｄＢ（Ａ），等效连续声级为８３～８７ｄＢ（Ａ），各监测点全部超过７０ＬｅｐｄＢ（Ａ）（国家标准）。内勤警环境噪声为５５～７０ｄＢ（Ａ）。７９名外勤警，３０名内勤警的听阈测试动态观察提示：外勤警３年后自身对比各频率听阈均明显高于３年前（Ｐ＜００１），内勤警３年前后自身对比各频率听阈未见明显改变（Ｐ＞００５）。１９９２年外勤警仅３ｋ、４ｋＨｚ听阈高于内勤警，３年后，外勤警各频率听阈均明显高于内勤警。调查证明了交通噪声危害的严重性，但噪声与空气污染对听力损伤是否存在协同作用是今后值得探讨的问题。

In Hefei city,crossing capacities of vehicle at 4 main square crossings reached 1 1671 413 vehicle/h.The environment noise at crossings was 6596 dB(A).Leq was 8387 dB(A).The environment noise of the police working indoors was 5570 dB(A).The hearing thresholds of every frequency of 79 policemen working at square crossings and 30 policemen working indoors were observed.The results showed that the hearing thresholds of those working at crossings were greatly elevated comparing with the values tested three years ago(WTBXP <001),however,the values of those working indoors showed no difference as compared with those tested three years ago.In 1992,only the hearing thresholds at 3 kHz and 4kHz of traffic police were higher than those working indoors.Yet,after three years,the hearing thresholds of every frequency of traffic police were higher than those working indoors.The survey proved that the impairment induced by traffic noise on hearing threshold of traffic police was severe.However,whether the noise and air pollution have synergetic effect remains unclear and is worthy to be further investigated.\;