不同通风速率对堆肥腐熟度和含氮气体排放的影响

The Impact of Composting with Different Aeration Rates on Maturity Variation and Emission of Gas Concluding N

NH3和N2O等含氮气体的排放不仅对堆肥腐熟度和堆肥产品的品质产生影响,同时也与环境污染有直接关系。以鸡粪、秸秆和干草皮为堆肥原料,采用好氧堆肥的方法,探讨了不同通风速率对堆肥腐熟度及NH3和N2O等含氮气体排放变化的影响。结果表明,通风速率为0.01、0.1、0.2 m3.min-.1m-3的处理高温期持续时间分别为0、11、7 d;0.1 m3.min-.1m-3的堆肥积温为16 176.4℃.h,在各处理中为最高;到堆肥结束时,各处理的全碳降解率分别为9.87%、24.94%、19.01%,总氮增加率分别为19.67%、32.00%、12.14%,其中处理A2的有机质降解及总氮增加效果最好。对堆肥产物腐熟度的测试结果表明,除通风速率为0.01 m3.min-1.m-3不能达到堆肥腐熟外,其他两个处理均达到了要求。氨气累积释放量与通气速率有关,通气速率越大,越有利于氨气的挥发。低的通气量可能会促成N2O的生成,到堆肥结束时,3个处理的N2O平均排放率分别为6.2、2.37、1.5 mg.kg-.1d-1。

NH3 and N2O influence not only on the maturity and quality of composting products,but also on the surrounding environment dur-ing composting.Based on aerobic composting,the impact of composting with different aeration rates on maturity variation and emission of gas concluding N was studied.Results indicated that the duration time of aeration rates which were 0.01,0.1 m3.min-1.m-3 and 0.2 m3.min-1.m-3 were 0,11 days and 7 days respectively during thermophilic phase.The accumulated temperature of the aeration rates 0.1 m3.min-1.m-3 reached to 16 176.4 ℃.h which was the highest.By the end of composting,the total carbon of the runs with different aeration rates reached to 9.87%,24.94% and 19.01% and the total nitrogen increased to 19.67%,32.00% and 12.14% respectively.Of the different runs,A2 got the highest organic matter decreasing rate and total nitrogen increasing rate.The cumulative volatilization of ammonia decreased with the decline of the aeration rates.Low aeration rates could contribute to high flux of N2O.The flux of N2O of the three runs was 6.2、2.37 mg.kg-1.d-1 and 1.5 mg.kg-.1d-1 respectively.