三所军队医院非现役文职护士工作倦怠现状调查研究

A Survey of Job Burnout in Non-active-duty Civilian Nurses in 3 Military Hospitals

目的调查军队医院非现役文职护士工作倦怠现状。方法采用Maslach工作倦怠问卷(Maslach Burnout Inventory,MBI),以整群随机取样的方法对某战区3所三级甲等医院的700名非现役文职护士进行问卷调查。结果共发放问卷700份,收回631份,有效问卷537份,有效回收率85.10%。537份问卷中工作倦怠总体检出率为82.12%,不同维度倦怠检出率分别为情感衰竭83.43%、人格解体77.28%、个人成就感低98.51%;本研究样本个人成就感程度低于M氏样本(P<0.01);已婚者人格解体程度高于未婚者(P<0.05);护龄5年以上者人格解体程度高于护龄5年以下者(P<0.05);在不同科室之间,肿瘤科、急诊科、ICU的护士情感衰竭、人格解体程度明显高于其他科室(P<0.05);门诊、肿瘤科护士个人成就感评分低于其他科室(P<0.05);手术室、ICU护士个人成就感评分高于其他科室(P<0.05)。结论军队医院非现役文职护士是工作倦怠高发人群,医院管理层应有针对性地制定缓解工作倦怠的措施。

Objective To investigate the job burnout status in non-active-duty civilian nurses in the military hospitals.Methods 700 nurses from 3 Level-three Class A hospitals in the military selected by cluster random sampling were investigated by Maslach Burnout Inventory（MBI） survey.Results Of all 700 questionnaires,631 were retrieved,537 were effective（85.10%）.The total detection rate of job burnout was 82.12% among 537 questionnaires,the detection rate of different dimensions of burnout were 83.43% of emotional exhaustion,77.28% of depersonalization and 98.51% of personal accomplishment.Between different departments,the personal accomplishment degree of the survey sample was lower than that of M＇s sample（P0.01）;the degree of depersonalization of married nurses was higher than that of unmarried（P0.05）;the degree of depersonalization of nurses with over 5 years of nursing age was higher than that of nurses with less than 5 years of nursing age（P0.05）;the nurses from Oncology Department,Emergency Department and ICU had a significantly higher degree of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization than those from the other departments（P0.05）;the nurses from Oncology Department and out-patient had a less score of personal accomplishment than that of the other departments（P0.05）;the personal accompishment score of nurses from Operating Department and ICU was higher than that of the other departments（P0.05）.Conclusion Non-active-duty civilian nurses are among high-risk populations of job burnout,so the hospital management should be targeted to institute countermeasures to alleviate job burnout.