甲型H1N1流感流行期间医院工作人员心理健康状况调查

Investigation of the mental health of the medical staffs during the influenza A(H1N1) prevalent period

目的探讨甲型N1H1流感(甲流)爆发期间传染病医院医务人员对甲流的态度和心理特征。方法在甲流高峰期,应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和社会支持量表对135名重症甲流定点收治传染病医院医务人员进行测试。结果 SCL-90总均分及各因子分值均低于全国常模。但临床医务人员在焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神疾病4个因子分值较其他部门上升,而护士在躯体化、恐怖2个因子方面得分比医生高。曾在抗击非典一线工作过的医务人员,在躯体化、敌对2个因子分值较未去过非典一线者上升。年龄大和未去过非典一线者心理健康状况较好。去过非典的医务人员所获得的主观支持、客观支持高,临床医务工作者所获得的社会支持和客观支持较非临床少。结论传染病医院工作人员在甲流高峰期心理健康状况总体良好。与患者直接接触多以及曾经战斗在非典一线的医务人员,更容易出现心理问题和情绪障碍。有必要为临床医务人员提供有效而强有力的社会支持。

Objective To investigate the attitude and psychological characteristics of medical staffs in the infectious disease hospitals during the epidemic outbreak of influenza A（H1N1）.Methods The self-designed attitude questionnaire symptom checklist 90（SCL-90） and social support questionnaire（SSQ） were applied to 135 medical staffs working in the infectious disease hospitals where severe influenza A patients were designated to admission.Results The total SCL-90 average score and all the factors were lower than that of the norm people.The scores of anxiety、hostile、paranoid and psychoticism in the clinical staffs were higher than that of the other departments,while the somatization and fear in nurses were higher than the doctors.As compared with people who hadn＇t fight against severe acute respiratory syndrome（SARS） in the front-line,the scores of somatization and hostility of the medical staffs who had fight against SARS in the front-line were higher.The junior or the medical staffs who hadn＇t experienced SARS had the better mental health.Compared with the non-clinical staff,the social support and objective support of the clinical staff were lower.Conclusions During the H1N1,the mental health of medical staffs working in the infectious disease hospitals are in good condition,the staff who contact more patients and have experienced SARS are easier to have the psychologist questions and mode disorders.It is necessary to provide more effective and strong social support to clinical staff.