基于AHP及GDM的备件品种确定法

Spare Parts Varieties Determination Based on AHP and GDM

层次分析法(AHP)是一种将定性与定量分析相结合的决策分析方法,而灰色局势决策(GDM)中的效果测度可消除不同指标的量纲差异,统一效果样本极性。备件品种确定是个典型的多属性决策问题,各指标对目标的影响程度不同,且极性各异。本文将AHP用于指标的权重分析,并利用GDM中的效果测度将方案对各指标的效果样本值都转化为正极性,然后将同一方案对各指标的效果测度综合成综合效果测度,其值越大则备件储备必要性越大,方法简便且直观。

Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） is a decision and analytic method that combines quantitative analysis with qulitative analysis, while the effect measure of Gray decision-making （GDM） can eliminate the index differences and unify the polarity of effect samples. Spare parts varieties determination is identified as a typical multi-attribute decision-making problem： indexes impact the target in varying degrees, while the indexes have different polarity. The weight sum of each index is analyzed by AHP, and the effect measure in GDM is used to convert effect samples of all programs on various indexes to positive polarity. Then the effect measures of the same program are combined into a comprehensive effect measure, a greater value represents a greater necessity for reserve of the spare parts.