灌溉量对设施延后栽培‘红地球’葡萄生理生化特性及品质的影响

Effect of irrigating amount on physiological,biochemical characte-ristics and fruit quality of Red Globe grape under postponed cultivation condition of greenhouse

试验设计3 750m3.hm-2(A)、3 000m3.hm-2(B)、2 250m3.hm-2(C)和1 500m3.hm-2(D)不同灌溉量处理,以常规灌溉(3 300m3.hm-2)为对照,研究了不同灌溉量对设施延后‘红地球’葡萄膨大期生理生化特性和成熟期果实品质的影响.结果表明:随着灌水量的增加,葡萄叶片叶绿素总量呈现先增加后减少的趋势,其中,B处理的叶绿素总量最大;MDA含量随灌水量的增加而逐渐减少,其中,D处理的MDA含量最大;SOD、POD和CAT活性均随灌水量的增加而逐渐减少,其中,D处理的3种保护性酶活性均最大.各项生理生化指标均表明,随着灌水量的增加,葡萄遭受的水分胁迫逐渐减轻,D处理造成胁迫最严重.B处理和A处理的果穗重和果粒重均显著大于对照,但B处理与A处理之间差异不显著,且B处理比A处理节水750m3.hm-2,比CK节水300m3.hm-2;B处理的可溶性固形物含量最高,说明B处理在节水的同时,显著提高了果实品质.

Five kinds of irrigating amount,3750 m^3·hm^-2A）,3000 m^3·hm^-2B）,2250 m^3·hm^-2C）,1 500 m^3·hm^-2D） and 3300 m^3·hm^-2CK）,were designed to study the effect of irrigating amount on physiological,biochemical characteristics and the quality of the fruit of Red Globe grape under cultivation postponed condition of greenhouse.The results showed that chlorophyll content was risen firstly and then declined with the increase of the irrigating amount,and the treatment B showed the maximum.MDA content was declined with the increase of the irrigating amount,and the treatment D had the maximum.The activity of SOD,POD and CAT was declined with the increase of the irrigating amount,and the treatment D had the maximum activity of three enzymes.Water stress of plant was decreased with the decrease of irrigating amount,and the treatment caused serious stress.The treatment A and B had a heavier of cluster and berry than CK;however,no significant difference was found between A and B.The irrigating amount of treatment B was 750 m^3·hm^-2less than A and 300 m^3·hm^-2than CK,the treatment also had the maximum content of total soluble solids in fruit.It is suggested that treatment B is the optimum for Red Globe grape under cultivation postponed condition of greenhouse.