黄河山东段水沙特性及冲淤分析

Analysis on Characteristics of Silt-Discharge and Scour and Fill in Shandong Section of the Yellow River

系统分析了1951—2008年黄河山东段河道冲淤变化情况,结果表明:①黄河山东段河道经历了淤积—冲刷—淤积—冲刷—淤积—冲刷的变化过程,总体表现为淤积量大、冲刷量小,河床仍不断抬高,纵向淤积分布呈两头大、中间小的特点;②高村—利津段主槽共淤积泥沙12.54亿m3,年均淤积0.22亿m3,河床共抬高3.58 m;③小浪底水库投入运用以来,黄河山东段经历了先淤后冲的变化过程,河道过洪能力提高到3 810 m3/s。

The paper systematically analyzes the variations of scour and fill in Shandong section in the period of 1951—2008.The outcomes show that a) the river cause in Shandong section has gone through the variation process of deposition – scouring – deposition – scouring – deposition – scouring.The amount of deposition is greater than that of scouring in general and the river bed is continuously rising.The characteristic of longitudinal deposition distribution is bigger at both ends and smaller in the middle.b) the total sedimentation at Gaocun-Lijin Section is 1.254 billion m3,the mean annual deposition 22 million m3 and the river bed totally raised by 3.58 m.c) since the Xiaolangdi Reservoir putting into operation,Shandong section has gone through the process of first deposition then scouring and the carrying capacity of the channel increased to 3810 m3/s.