腮腺炎病毒疫苗株与野毒株的部分核苷酸序列分析

Partial nucleotide sequence analysis of vaccine and wild mumps viruses

目的比较腮腺炎病毒疫苗株与野毒株的核苷酸序列差异。方法腮腺炎病毒疫苗株Ｓ７９株和ＪｅｒｙｌＬｙｎｎ株在鸡胚细胞上从第５代连续传至第２５代，采用逆转录－套式聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ｎＰＣＲ）法，从传代前后的腮腺炎病毒疫苗株以及野毒株的基因组中扩增血凝素－神经氨酸酶基因片段（ＨＮ）、融合蛋白基因片段（Ｆ）和小分子疏水蛋白基因（ＳＨ），并利用双脱氧核苷酸链终止法对ＰＣＲ产物进行测序。结果传代之前第５代的两种疫苗株的目的基因的核苷酸序列完全一致；传至第２５代的Ｓ７９株的目的基因的核苷酸序列比２５代的ＪｅｒｙｌＬｙｎｎ株显示了更高的突变率。比较现行疫苗株与野毒株的核苷酸序列后发现，１９９５年分离的野毒株的核苷酸序列与疫苗株有明显的差异。结论推测Ｓ７９株可能与ＪｅｒｙｌＬｙｎｎ株同源。

Objective To compare the nucleotide differences between the vaccine and wild mumps viruses. Methods The S 79 strain and Jeryl Lynn strain of Mumps vaccine virus were harvested respectively at the 5th (5P) and 25th(25P) passage levels in chick embryo cell culture , with a reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction(RT nPCR) the genes coding for haemagglutinin neuraminidase(HN), fusion protein(F) and a small hydrophobic protein(SH) of these vaccine strains and wild mumps viruses were obtained, and they were sequenced by dideoxy chain termination. Results Comparison revealed that the vaccine strains at 5P were identical to each other, but the S 79 strain at 25P appeared higher mutation rate than that of the Jeryl Lynn strain at 25P. The nucleotide sequences from the 1995 wild mumps viruses were clearly different from those of the vaccine strains. Conclusions It concluded that the S 79 strain and the Jeryl Lynn strain might be from a same origin. The results suggest also the possibility that more than two types of mumps virus could circulate in the same area.