丹江方言体标记“在”及其来源

On the Aspect Mark "Zai" of Danjiang Dialect and its Origin

在一些汉语方言中,体标记"在"由"在这(那)里"脱变而来,这在丹江方言中也得到了印证。丹江方言句尾体标记"在"是动词结构后"在里"的缩略,不是来源于表存在的动词"在"。动词短语后虚化的"在这(那)里"表示状态的持续,和动词前虚化的"在(这)那里"有相同的来源,都是相应位置的介宾结构语法化的结果。

In many Chinese dialects, the aspect mark ＂zai＂ is originated from ＂zai zhe （na） li＂, which can be proved by the mark in Danjiang dialect. In Danjiang dialect, the sentence-final aspect mark ＂zai＂ is the abbreviation of ＂zai li＂ in the end of the verb structure, not from ＂zai＂ indicating existence. Grammaticalized ＂zai zhe （ha）li＂ in the end of the verb phrases indicates continuance, and is in common with grammaticalized ＂zai zhe （na） li＂in front of verbs in origin, which are the result of grammaticalization of prepositional object in their own positions.