西部地区农户资金借贷的调查与思考——以陕西泾阳、洛川县为例

Study on Farmer Household's Credit in Jingyang and Luochuan Counties of Shaanxi Province

通过陕西洛川县和泾阳县219个农户借贷行为的问卷调查,以及渭北地区"公司+农户"产业化组织模式中的农户融资状况的实地考察,发现陕西典型农业区域的农户借贷需求强烈,借贷资金更多地投资于资金量较大的家庭消费项目、投资回报率较高的农业产业化项目;农户所需的借贷资金供给主要来自民间借贷,政策性金融机构、商业性金融机构及合作金融机构不能满足农户的借贷资金需求。针对农户资金借贷需求和供给状况以及其中的问题和成因,为促进陕西典型农业区域农业结构转换与产业升级,政府必须以完善农村信贷机制为主,健全农村金融市场体系和优化农村金融环境,切实发挥政策性农业银行、商业银行的政策导向效应,强化农村信用合作社的服务功能,规范民间信贷等非正规金融活动行为。

Based on an investigation of 219 farmer households＇ credit behavior in Jingyang and Luochuan Counties and the credit status of farmer households in ＂Corporation plus Farmer＂ industrial organization mode of Northern Weihe Region of Shaanxi Province,it is discovered that：The demand of farmer household＇s credit is higher in typical agricultural areas,and the capital of credit is mostly used in the items of family consumption and high-profit agricultural industrialization projects;The supply of capital mainly comes from informal credit,while the policy financial institutions,commercial financial institutions and cooperative financial institutions can not satisfy the demand of household＇s credit.According to the status and problems of farmer household＇s credit demand and supply,in order to promote agricultural structure conversion and industrial upgrading in typical agricultural areas of Shaanxi,the Government must lay the basis mainly on improving rural credit mechanism,perfect financial market system and financial environment in rural area,make policy agricultural bank and commercial bank take their policy guidance effects,strengthen service function of rural credit cooperatives,and regulate non-state financial behavior.