“联系说”视野下的商标侵权例外辨析

Analysis of Exceptions of Infringements in Trademark Law Under "Relationship Viewpoint"

商标侵权例外的存在表明商标权属于不完全权利。在"联系说"的视野下对商标侵权例外的诸种情形做出的解释,具有较强的说服力。认定某一行为是否构成商标侵权,取决于被控侵权行为是否利用了相关公众所认知的商标与商标所标识的商品之间的联系。未利用此种联系的行为不构成商标侵权,属于商标侵权的例外。言论自由和优先保护消费者利益的价值选择也是导致商标侵权例外的事由。

The existence of exceptions of infringements in trademark law makes it clear that trademark right is partial.Under ＂Relationship Viewpoint＂,we can explain soundly why acts of using others＇ trademark are exceptions of infringements in some cases.Whether acts of using others＇ trademark are infringements is decided by the courts on the acts charged utilizing the relationship between the trademark and the goods marked by it which is known by the public.Acts that do not use the relationships are exceptions infringements of trademark.Freedom of speech and preference for protecting consumers are also reasons for exceptions of infringements in trademark law.