南京市粳稻品种优良种性的研究

ResearchonSuperiorSpecificityofKengRiceVarietiesinNanjingCity

作物品种的优良种性是实现其“高产、优质、高效益”的内因和基础。适宜南京地区大面积推广种植的单季粳（糯）稻优良品种，必须具备丰产性、稳产性、熟期性、优质性四个方面的优良种性。自１９９１年以来引进了２０多个粳、糯稻新品种和新品系，在校内外农科教结合基地进行了观察试验、示范对比。对其中优良种性表现比较突出的杂交中粳稻２０４Ａ／轮回４２２、迟熟中粳９６－１９、早熟晚粳９４５７８和迟熟中粳糯９５２２５等４个品系作了较为细致地研究。初步认定：这些粳稻新品系通过进一步扩大试验、示范和推广，可以填补全市水稻生产中的高产优质新品种的空白，进而成为优良粳稻的接班和当家品种。

Thesuperiorspecificityofcropsisinternalcauseandbasistorealizeitshighyield,goodqualityandhigheffectiveness.ThesuperiorvarietiesofsinglecroppingkengricesuitingtopopularizeforplantinginlargeareasofNanjingshouldhavefoursuperiorspecificitiesincludinghighyield,stableoutput,goodmaturityperiodandgoodquality.Since1991,over20newvarietiesandlinesofkeng,glutinousricehavebeenintroduced,andobservation,test,exemplificationandcontrastweremadeatthecombinedbaseofagriculture,scienceandeducationinsideandoutsidethecampus.Moredetailedresearchhasbeendoneonthefourlinesofhybridmediumkengrice204A/rotate422,latematuringmediumkengrice9619,earlymaturinglatekengrice94578andlatematuringmediumkengrice95225whichconspicuouslyshowtheirsuperiorspecificityamongall.ItispreliminarilysonsideredthatthesenewlinesofkengricecanfillinblackofnewvarietieswithhighyieldandgoodqualityinriceproductioninNanjingthroughfurthertest,exemplificationandpopularization,atlastbecomesuccessorandhostvarietiesofthesuperiorkengrice.