血吸虫病人工潜伏疫区监测措施的初步研究

Preliminary Studies on the Measures of Check and Surveillance in Man-made Potential Epidemic Area of Schistosomiasis Japonica

运用 Ｉ Ｆ Ａ Ｔ 检测血吸虫抗体和单克隆抗体， Ｄｏｔ－ Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ 检测循环抗原． 用这两种方法对云南大理市３ 个不同流行村低年龄组儿童 （４ ～１５ 岁） 进行检测． 结果： 新村 Ｉ Ｆ Ａ Ｔ 阳性率 （１３３ ％ ） 显著低于双阳村（１１５２ ％ ） 和沙里木庄村（１５７９ ％ ） ； 而 Ｄｏｔ－ Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ 检测结果仅沙里木庄村出现１ 例阳性反应． 结合各地螺情及病情资料分析， 认为新村确系防治后出现的有螺无病区（ 人工潜伏疫区） ， 疫情稳定， 血吸虫病流行环节已经阻断． 对这类地区今后的防治对策加以探讨并提出以血清学方法定期监测， 以低年龄组儿童为主， 辅以螺点内螺情监测． Ｄｏｔ－ Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ 方法似不敏感， 其在云南流行区现场应用的价值有待进一步研究．

Children from 4 to 14 years old were examinated with IFAT and Dot-ELISA with monoclonal antibody in 3 different epidemic villages of Dali city, Yunnan province. The results of IFAT showed that the positive rate of Schistosomic antibody was obviously lower in Xincun village (1 3%) than that in the other two villages (15 7% and 11 52% respectively). Only one positive case of Schistosomic circulating antigen was observed by Dot-DLISA with monoclonal antibody in all three villages, while all children in Xincun were negative. And also in Xincun, no new infection cases had been found for 9 years and no infected snails were found in spite of the existence of snails. These results indicated that Xincun village is a man-made potential epidemic area, appearing after anti-Schistosomiasis, and the transmission of Schistosomiasis having been interrupted. It is suggested that the sero-surveillance of low-age group children and surveillance of snail spot be the main measure of preventing and controlling Schistosomiasis in the man-made potential epidemic areas.