基于外部性理论的国防科研投资经济效应分析——以美国为例

Analysis of Defense Research Investment's Economic Effects Based on External Theory——A Case Study of U.S.A

国防科研投资经济效应的强弱关系到我国国防科研实力转化为现实战斗力的能力,并且对保障国家安全、提高科技水平、促进民用部门的经济发展起到了推波助澜的作用。国防科研投资的经济效应主要是其对经济增长的影响问题。通过对国防科研投资经济效应这种特殊的"外部性"现象进行分析,用美国的相关数据对前述理论进行实证分析和计量检验,最后得出1985-2002财年,美国国防科研投资对其他经济部门产生了负的外部性,对国民经济的规模效应为负的结论。

The level of defense research investment＇s economic effects is vital in the process of changing China＇s defense research capability into actual combat effectiveness,and it is also plays a important role in securing national security,improving scientific and technological levels and promoting the economic development of civilian departments.The defense research investment＇s economic effects are mainly about its impact on economic growth.This paper starts with analyzing such special ＂externalities＂ phenomenon of defense research investment＇s economic effects;Then,makes an empirical analysis and econometric test on the aforementioned theory by use of the relevant data of United States;Finally,it is concluded that during the fiscal year 1985-2002,the defense research investments in United States had produced a negative externality on other sectors of the economy,and the national economy of scale is also negative.