由于汉字音的影响而变迁的日语音节“拍”

Pronunciation of Chinese Characters and Its Influences upon the Japanese Syllables

日语的词汇里面有"和语""汉语"和"外来语"之分。其中汉语词汇数目的比率可达47.5%(以区别词数来计算)。收录于《常用汉字表》里的1945个常用汉字当中,以音读来发音的汉字有1905个之多。也就是说,可以认为汉字音读的词汇在语言使用中处于高频率的中心位置。从中国传入的汉字音读经过千年的发展有了今天的变化,但今天仍能找到日语汉字音和现代汉语的深刻联系。而且,不光是汉字的音读,日语词汇发音的音节数—"拍"—也受到了其影响。从日语‘"拗音""拨音""促音"和"长音"入手,通过和汉语的汉字音的对比来分析汉字音对日语的影响,并探讨现代日语音节的现状,推测今后日语音节的发展趋势。

Japanese vocabulary consists of ＂wago＂（和語）,＂kango（漢語）＂ and ＂gairaigo＂（外来語）,among of which kango accounts for 47.5% of Japanese vocabulary.Kanji（漢字）,borrowed from Chinese,has closed relations with the modern Chinese characters even though it has been changed for centuries.Based on the Japanese pronunciation such as breathed sounds,voiced sounds,silent vowels,the rising and falling of tones,etc.,this paper makes a comparative analysis on the pronunciation between Chinese characters and Japanese kanji,the modern Japanese syllables and its development trends.