水对蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响

Influence of Water on Cell Mitosis in Root Tip of Broad Bean

[目的]为饮用水的处理提供依据。[方法]以蚕豆根尖细胞为材料,采用微核试验方法,以蒸馏水处理为对照,研究凉开水及分别放置0、12、24、36、48h的自来水对蚕豆根尖细胞微核千分率和染色体畸变率的影响。[结果]随着自来水放置时间的延长,蚕豆根尖细胞的微核千分率和染色体畸变率逐渐降低,放置0、12、24h的自来水诱发蚕豆根尖细胞的微核千分率和染色体畸变率均明显高于对照和放置36和48h的自来水处理。不同放置时间自来水处理后,蚕豆根尖细胞产生多种类型畸变,如间期微核、前期微核、染色体断片等。[结论]凉开水对染色体的损伤小于自来水,放置0h的自来水对蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传毒性较大。

[Objective] The aim was to supply basis for treating drinking water. [Method] With cells from root tip of broad bean as materials,treatment with distilled water as CK,the micronucleus test method was used to study the influences of cooled boiled water and tap water stored for 0,12,24,36 and 48 h resp. on the micronucleus permillage and chromosome aberration rate in cells from root tip of broad bean. [Result] As the storage time of tap water was extended,the micronucleus permillage and chromosome aberration rate in cells from root tip of broad bean were decreased gradually and that in the cells induced with tap water stored for 0,12 and 24 h resp. were obviously higher than that of CK and treatment with tap water stored for 36 and 48 h. After treating with tap water stored for different time,there were many types of aberrations generated in cells in root tip of broad bean,such as interval micronucleus,prophase micronucleus and chromosome fragments. [Conclusion] The damage of cooled boiled water to chromosome was less than that of tap water and the genetic toxicity of tap water stored for 0 h on cells from root tip of broad bean was stronger.